Radar

RADAR :

It is the acronym of RAdio Detection And Ranging. Radar is one of the applications of microwave.It is used to detect objects located at long distances ,which cannot be observed visually.

PRINCIPLE :

R.F signal at high frequency gets reflected by the conducting the medium.

The electromagnetic signal travels approximately at the speed of light.

This signal travels in a straight line and it is used to find the direction of the reflecting object.

COMPONENTS OF RADAR :

The basic radar has 4 components...

Transmitter creates the pulse energy.

A transmitter/receiver switch indicates the antenna when to transmit and receive signals.

An antenna to transmit and an antenna to receive is used.

A Receiver detects,amplifies and transforms the signal into a visual format.

RANGE MEASUREMENT :

In general velocity(v) = distance(d) / time(t) and distance(d) = velocity(v) * time(t).The Range is actually the distance . Range = C * time / 2.The time is actually the round trip time to and from the target and only half the time is needed.

BASIC RADAR TYPES :

Continuous wave.

Pulse transmission.

TYPES OF RADARS BY ATC :

Precision Approach Radar (PAR).

Air Route Surveillance Radar (ARSR).

Airport Surface Detection Equipment (ASDE).

Airport Surveillance Radar (ASR).

USES OF RADAR :

Ground Penetration Radar is used for archeological purposes.

Weather radar can be used to measure wind speeds.

Air traffic radars can be used to detect aircraft.